Coconut Meal and Its Parameter

Coconut Meal

Coconut meal is side product from press process of coconut (Cocos nucifera). Coconut is showed below. Coconut meal is applied as feed for ruments and livestock.

Coconut meal is analyzed through many parameter such as

1. Moisture and volatile matter

Sample is grinded and sifted. The tiny sized is weighed about 5 g in petri dish. Sample is put in oven for 3 hours on 103 C. Sample is dried on oven to eliminate water and volatile content. It is applied gravimetry principle.

2. Ash

Sample is steamed in furnace on temperature 600 C for 3 hours. The residue of parameter is inorganic. This parameter is same with moisture and volatile matter principle.

3. Fibre

Sample is firstly extracted with organic solvent to vanish organic content of sample. This method uses soxhlet apparatus. Sample is analyzed through delignification process, where biomass such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin is reduced. Delignification process utilizes alkali solution like NaOH 1.25% and acid solution like sulphuric acid 1.25%. Sample is neutralized to eliminate alkali and acid residue from delignification. Sample is dried in oven to reduce water. Sample is steamed in furnace on 600 C for 3 hours. Therefore fibre parameter uses soxhlet extraction, delignification method, and gravimetri principles

4. Oil Content

Sample is extracted through soxhlet apparatus. The solvent which is put in boiling flask should be steamed on its boiling point. The solvent will be cooled and become condensate. The condensate will be blended with sample. The mixture will fall down to boiling flask. It takes process 6 hours. After extracting sample, the solvent is evaporated through rotary evaporator and oven. The criteria of solvent for this parameter is volatile and able to solved with sample. It also uses gravimetry principle.

Comments

Method to Determine Rancidity of Oil

Peroxide Value and Anisidine Value Edible oil can be oxidized due to temperature and time. It generates radical substance and rancid odour. Hence oil is unable to be consumed. Peroxide Value is considered miliequivalent oxygen each kilogram sampel. The greater number of peroxide value, the more rancidity oil will become. Here's why peroxide value should be lower so that oil can be consumed. Peroxide value method is conducted through these steps. Sample is dissolved with solvent 30 mL (acetic acid and iso octane 3:2). Sample is added 0,5 mL KI saturated. It's carried out so that oxidative substance make bond with iodine. The mixture is added with 30 mL water in order that to stop reaction. The mixture is added with starch indicator. It produces dark purple. The mixture is titrated with sodium thiosulphate 0,01 M. The white mixture is produced. The principle of this method is iodometry titration (AOCS Cd 8b-90). Besides peroxide value, anisidine value is also parameter to deter...

Analysis Fibre in Animal Feed

Fibre for Animal Digestion Analysis fibre applies 3 parameters such as solid-liquid extraction, delignification, and gravimetry. Solid-liquid extraction is carried out to extract oil from solid product. The criteria solvent is volatile solvent like n-heksana, acetone, or petroleum ether. Vaporized solvent will become condensate. It will react with solid product and dissolved organic agent inside sample. The extraction will do 6 hours. Extraction solid-liquid uses soxhlet apparatus. The second step for analysis fibre is delignification. Sample is extracted with acid (H2SO4) and base solution (NaOH). Acid solution is extracted and neutralized with water. It also is conducted with base solution. Delignification with base solution and acid solution is done to separate plant carbohydrate into degistable and Indegistable fraction ( Fahey Jr et al, 2019 ). According to Ibrahim and Menkovska (2022), Indigestible fraction fermentable fibers is altered by enteric bacteria in the colo...

ACID-BASE TITRATION IN VEGETABLE OIL SAMPLE

ACID-BASE TITRATION IN VEGETABLE OIL SAMPLE Gupta (2017) Vegetable oil is oil consisted free faty acid, triglycerides, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, poly aromatic hydrocarbon, colour compound such as chlorophyll which given green colour and β -carotene which given red colour with trace metal. Free fatty acid can be analyzed through titration acid – base. Analysis of free fatty acid is conducted by dissolving oil with neutral ethanol 96% and steaming rapidly into enhance solubility oil into alcohol. The mixture is added phenolphthalein indicator 1% with 1-2 droplets until pink colour is appearing. The mixture is titrated with base solution. Base solution usually apply is standardized sodium hydroxide. The formula of determination of free fatty acid and acid value is described below Changing colour of sample before and after adding alkali solution Where [NaOH] is sodium hydrozide concentration had been standardized according to AOCS H 12-52 , V NaOH is sodium hydrox...

Vegetable Oil is Fascinating

Search This Blog